使用順酐時要防止煙火、高溫、日曬、潮濕、猛烈撞擊、與皮膚接觸。遠離火源、氧化劑、食品。下面氫氧化鉀廠家來講講兩種氧化制順酐的反應表現(xiàn)。

When using maleic anhydride, it is necessary to prevent fireworks, high temperature, sunlight, humidity, violent impact and contact with skin. Keep away from fire, oxidant and food. The following potassium hydroxide manufacturer will talk about the reaction performance of two oxidation to maleic anhydride.

苯氧化制順酐的反應

Reaction of Benzene Oxidation to Maleic Anhydride

將苯與空氣混合(苯為1%-1.4%)經(jīng)換熱器預熱后，進人列管式催化反應器。在壓力為0.1-0.2MPa、溫度為350-400℃的反應條件下進行氧化反應，所得產(chǎn)物經(jīng)兩臺換熱器、一臺冷卻器后，冷卻到接近露點(55―65℃)。冷卻后的反應物進入分離器，分離器底部得粗順酐，進入粗順酐罐。

The benzene is mixed with air (benzene is 1% - 1.4%), preheated by the heat exchanger, and then enters the tubular catalytic reactor. The oxidation reaction is carried out under the reaction conditions of 0.1-0.2MPa pressure and 350-400 ℃ temperature. The product is cooled to close to the dew point (55-65 ℃) after passing through two heat exchangers and one cooler. The cooled reactants enter the separator, and the crude maleic anhydride obtained at the bottom of the separator enters the crude maleic anhydride tank.

分離器頂部流出物進人洗滌塔，用水洗滌，塔頂為多余空氣和未反應的苯，苯可用吸附回收。洗滌塔塔底水溶液進人脫水器，分離出水，所得粗順酐進人粗順酐罐。粗順酐進一步進人蒸餾塔進行蒸餾精制，得順酐。所得順酐可進行異構化得富馬酸和蘋果酸。

The effluent from the top of the separator enters the scrubber and is washed with water. The top of the scrubber contains excess air and unreacted benzene, which can be recovered by adsorption. The water solution at the bottom of the scrubber enters the dehydrator, the effluent is separated, and the obtained crude maleic anhydride enters the crude maleic anhydride tank. The crude maleic anhydride is further fed into the distillation tower for distillation and refining to obtain maleic anhydride. The obtained maleic anhydride can be isomerized to obtain fumaric acid and malic acid.

C4餾分部分氧化制順酐的反應

Partial Oxidation of C4 Fraction to Maleic Anhydride

工業(yè)上用不經(jīng)分離的C4餾分或分離異丁烯和丁二烯后的C4餾分為原料生產(chǎn)順酐。C4餾分部分氧化制順酐的工藝流程見下圖。C4餾分與空氣混合后進人流化床氧化反應器，在300―500℃溫度下，與反應器中的催化劑接觸生產(chǎn)順酐。

In industry, maleic anhydride is produced from C4 fraction without separation or C4 fraction after isobutene and butadiene separation. The process flow of partial oxidation of C4 fraction to maleic anhydride is shown in the figure below. C4 fraction is mixed with air and then enters the fluidized bed oxidation reactor. At the temperature of 300-500 ℃, it contacts with the catalyst in the reactor to produce maleic anhydride.

氧化反應器頂部流出的反應生成物進人吸收塔，用水作為吸收劑，塔頂氣體經(jīng)廢水處理塔后排出。吸收塔塔底水溶液進人脫水塔，進行濃縮脫水，后進入精制塔經(jīng)簡單蒸餾，得順酐產(chǎn)品。

The reaction products from the top of the oxidation reactor enter the absorption tower, and water is used as the absorbent. The gas from the tower top is discharged after passing through the wastewater treatment tower. The water solution at the bottom of the absorption tower enters the dehydration tower for concentration and dehydration, and then enters the refining tower for simple distillation to obtain maleic anhydride.

與苯氧化制順酐相比，C4餾分部分氧化制順酐具有原料成本低、催化劑壽命長等優(yōu)點，但是，順酐的選擇性低，且投資費用大。

Compared with the oxidation of benzene to maleic anhydride, the partial oxidation of C4 fraction to maleic anhydride has the advantages of low raw material cost and long catalyst life. However, the selectivity of maleic anhydride is low and the investment cost is large.

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